Dollar traders were on edge for the early part of the week as markets braced for the U.S. CPI release which later on underscored expectations for a Fed pause.
Pound pairs got an extra dose of volatility during the BOE decision, thanks to the central bank’s shift to a less hawkish stance.
Along with a return in risk-off flows, this allowed the U.S. dollar to regain advantage from its safe-haven appeal towards the end of the week.
USD Pairs
Overlay of USD vs. Majors Currencies Chart by TV
Even though the FOMC refrained from committing to a pause in last week’s meeting, dollar bulls were nowhere to be found ahead of the April CPI report.
The actual figures reflected softer inflationary pressures than expected, spurring expectations of rate cuts by next year. It didn’t help that debt ceiling negotiations didn’t bear much fruit, with the Friday talks postponed to give more time for staff-level discussions.
Broad risk sentiment shifted by Thursday towards risk aversion on weaker-than-expected data from China and the U.S., and instead of the recent run to hard metals and bonds for safety, traders were moving capital towards Greenback. With fears of both global recession and the U.S. debt ceiling growing, it makes sense that cash was king at the end of the week.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
Headline monthly CPI came in line with expectations of a 0.4% increase for April, faster than the earlier 0.1% uptick, while core CPI posted a higher than expected 0.4% month-over-month gain
Core producer prices rose by 0.2% month-over-month as expected in April, earlier reading upgraded to show a flat figure from the previously reported 0.1% dip
Fed Governor Michelle Bowman said on Friday that interest rates will likely need to move and be held higher if price pressures do not ease and the job market remains tight
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
Headline CPI dipped from 5.0% to 4.9% year-over-year versus estimates of a 5.0% reading, marking the smallest 12-month increase since April 2021
Headline producer prices fell short with a 0.2% month-over-month uptick in April versus the projected 0.3% increase, bringing year-over-year rate down from 2.7% to 2.3% – its lowest reading since January 2021
Initial jobless claims came in at 264K versus the 245K estimate and earlier 242K figure, chalking up yet another pickup in unemployment for the past two weeks
Biden noted some progress in debt ceiling meetings with Congressional leaders early in the week, but talks scheduled for Friday were postponed to make more time for staff-level discussions
U.S. Preliminary consumer sentiment index for May: 57.7 (64.0 forecast) vs. 63.5 previous – University of Michigan
EUR Pairs
Overlay of EUR vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
The shared currency unwound most of its post-ECB gains in the previous week, as traders continued to price in the possibility of a future rate hike pause or even easing.
This week’s mostly downbeat euro data threw more focus into the central bank’s hints of potentially slowing their tightening going forward, as industrial production data fell short of estimates.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
French trade deficit narrowed from 9.3 billion EUR to 8.0 billion EUR vs. estimated 9.5 billion EUR shortfall in March
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
German industrial production sank by 3.4% month-over-month in March vs. estimated 1.6% decline, following earlier 2.1% gain
Euro zone Sentix investor confidence index fell from -8.7 to -13.1 to reflect worsening pessimism vs. projected improvement to -7.9
Italian industrial production tumbled by 0.6% month-over-month in March vs. estimated 0.2% uptick, adding to earlier 0.2% decline
GBP Pairs
Overlay of GBP vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
Sterling tossed and turned during the BOE decision as the central bank also joined the “dovish hike” bandwagon by toning down their forward guidance.
Later in the week, the downbeat monthly GDP reading further stoked expectations of a tightening pause and perhaps even the possibility of a rate cut if economic data worsens.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
BRC retail sales monitor rose from 4.9% to 5.2% year-over-year versus estimated fall to 4.7% for April, reflecting stronger consumer spending based on same-store sales at retail level
Bank of England hiked interest rates by 0.25% as expected, with MPC members maintaining the 7-2 split in voting to increase rates or pause
BOE Monetary Policy Report featured upgrades to inflation forecasts from 3.92% in February announcement to 5.12% for the end of 2023 and from 1.42% to 2.28% for the end of 2024
Construction output increased by 0.2% month-over-month instead of falling by the estimated 0.4% figure in March
Industrial production rose by 0.7% vs. projected 0.1% uptick in March, earlier reading upgraded to show 0.1% dip from previously reported 0.2% decline
Preliminary business investment figure for Q1 2023 reflected 0.7% gain instead of the estimated 0.7% decline, rebounding over earlier 0.2% dip
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
Halifax HPI showed 0.3% decline in house prices instead of the projected 0.2% uptick, marking the first decline for the year
U.K. economy contracted by 0.3% in March instead of posting another flat GDP reading, bringing the preliminary quarterly growth figure to a measly 0.1% expansion
BOE Governor Bailey mentioned that “if there were to be evidence of more persistent [inflationary] pressures, then further tightening in monetary policy would be required” then mentioned in an interview after the presser that they are nearing a point when the central bank could “rest in terms of the level of rates”
CHF Pairs
Overlay of CHF vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
It was a light week in terms of top-tier data releases from Switzerland, allowing the franc to reap some gains off safe-haven flows and relatively hawkish words from SNB head Jordan.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
SNB Chairperson Jordan mentioned in a speech about the current challenges of monetary policy at the University of Applied Sciences that inflation is above their price stability range, higher than policymakers want
AUD Pairs
Overlay of AUD vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
The Aussie took advantage of of the early anti-U.S. dollar movements and higher gold prices in the first half of the week before returning these gains when risk aversion popped its head back in the markets.
Downbeat inflation and trade data from China also likely weighed on copper prices, as well as other commodities, adding to losses for the higher-yielding AUD.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
NAB business confidence index improved slightly from -1 to 0 in April, as the employment component stabilized above its historical average
Retail sales posted another 0.4% month-over-month increase in March as expected, translating to 5.2% year-over-year growth
MI inflation expectations accelerated from 4.6% to 5.0% to reflect stronger estimates of price pressures over the next 12 months
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
Australian building approvals fell 0.1% month-over-month in March instead of rising by the estimated 3.0% figure, following earlier 3.9% rise
China reported slower exports growth of 8.5% year-over-year in April, down from earlier 14.8% gain, and 7.9% slump in imports versus projected 0.2% decline
CAD Pairs
Overlay of CAD vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
The Loonie managed to regain some ground early in the week, as crude oil prices turned higher and risk-on flows were in play.
However, the rallies fizzled out after the API and EIA U.S. oil inventory reports surprised traders with gains in stockpiles, turning attention to the narrative of weaker demand for oil down the road.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
Building permits jumped 11.3% month-over-month in March versus estimated 2.3% slump, earlier reading downgraded from 8.6% gain to a much lower 5.6% increase
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
EIA crude oil inventories rose by a surprise 3.2 million barrels versus estimates of a decline of 2.2 million barrels and the earlier reduction of 1.3 million barrels
NZD Pairs
Overlay of NZD vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
Last week’s bullish reaction in NZD to the RBA’s rate hike, improved risk sentiment at the start of the week, and pre-CPI U.S. dollar jitters helped lift the Kiwi early on.
Global risk-off flows changed that tune on Thursday, along with disappointing updates from New Zealand’s manufacturing sector and inflation expectations on Friday.
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
BusinessNZ manufacturing index rose from 48.1 to 49.1 to reflect a slower pace of industry contraction, thanks to rising deliveries and finished stocks
Food price index slowed from an earlier 0.8% increase in March to a 0.5% monthly uptick in April, suggesting weaker consumer inflation down the line
Visitor arrivals slumped 2.9% month-over-month in March, following the earlier 0.6% increase
Quarterly inflation expectations slowed from 3.30% to 2.79% in April, suggesting weaker price pressures for the next couple of years
JPY Pairs
Overlay of JPY vs. Major Currencies Chart by TV
Yen pairs tossed and turned for the earlier half of the week, spending most of Monday through early Wednesday trading.
But the Japanese currency finally gained some traction on its climb as risk aversion sentiment spiked higher during the U.S. session, correlating with the highly anticipated U.S. CPI report.
Risk-off sentiment grew further on Thursday thanks to the previously mentioned weaker-than-expected economic updates from China and the U.S., helping the yen make extra gains to lock in the second best performance heading into the weekend.
🟢 Bullish Headline Arguments
BOJ minutes revealed the policymakers debated the risk of inflation overshooting their expectations in March, suggesting scope for lightening up their easing efforts
BOJ minutes: Some policymakers saw “positive signs” in terms of inflation falling back within its target range
Economy Watchers sentiment index improved from 53.3 to 54.6 in April versus estimated 54.1 figure
🔴 Bearish Headline Arguments
Average cash earnings came in at 0.8% year-over-year in March, short of projected 1.0% increase, marking a full year of declines in real wages
Household spending slumped 1.9% year-over-year in March instead of posting the estimated 0.9% gain and erasing the earlier 1.6% increase
Leading indicators fell from 98.0% to 97.5%, lower than 97.9% forecast, as economic conditions worsened in March
